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A plain film X-ray is like a captured shadow. If I hold my hand in front of a flashlight in a dark room, the shadow of my hand is cast on the wall. In plain film X-rays (like mammography), the hand = the breast; the flashlight = an X-ray beam; and, the wall = a piece of photographic film (to "capture" the shadow permanently).
So, you lay the breast on a piece of film and shine an X-ray on the breast and the "shadows" of the breast are cast on the X-ray film and captured.
Here's your first film-reading lesson: When looking at the X-ray mammogram, areas of fat are BLACK; areas of glands (tissue) are GRAY; and, areas of calcium are WHITE. That's all there are: 3 choices.
To interpret an MRI of the shoulder one has to understand the function of that joint in normal and abnormal states. One must know the different possible injuries, overuse syndromes, tumors, infections and more. One needs to be able to identify normal and abnormal muscles, tendons, cartilage, bone, and vessels and all of their interrelationships. It takes a radiologist the training of four years of medical school, four years of radiology residency and one year of subspecialization training to be READY to look at shoulder MRI's.
A mammogram presents 3 issues: Black, White, and Gray.
So why are there so many federal laws and regulations governing the practice of mammography?
Or, why are there NO laws governing the practice of shoulder MRI?
Next lesson: Mammograms and Cancer.
More to come...
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